In vivo and in vitro antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase, α-amylase inhibitory effects of flavonoids from Cichorium glandulosum seeds

The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, anti-glucosidase and anti-amylase activities of total flavonoids (TFs) from Cichorium glandulosum seeds, and to analyse its chemical composition by HPLC-ESI/MS. In vitro study, radical scavenging IC50 values of TFs were 7.33 ± 0.093, 9.24 ± 0.100, 154.33 ± 11.38 and 256.7 ± 4.86 μg/ml for DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anion, respectively. In the 8–64 mg/ml range, α-glucosidase and α-amylase were inhibited by TFs to a certain extent. In vivo, the treatment groups with TFs (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease in the malondialdehyde level, the superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels were restored to almost normal levels, and the catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels significantly increased compared to the CCl4-intoxicated group in rats. The present study suggests that C. glandulosum seeds should be given special attention because of their antioxidant and anti-glucosidase, anti-amylase activity.