Matrix effect during the application of a rapid method using HS-SPME followed by GC–ECD for the analysis of 2,4,6-TCA in wine and cork soaks

An off-flavor in wine known as ‘cork taint’ is of concern in the wine and cork industry. Cork taint imparts a musty flavor to the wine and is primarily due to the presence of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole [2,4,6-TCA] in cork stoppers. During this study, an instrumental method for 2,4,6-TCA analysis was developed and evaluated using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with an electron capture detector (GC–ECD). 2,3,6-Trichlorotoluene [2,3,6-TCT] was assayed as the internal standard. The method was developed in synthetic wine and was applied in commercial wine samples, as well as in cork soaks obtained by the extraction of TCA from cork stoppers and cork barks using synthetic wine. The method performance was evaluated through the estimation of its linearity (R2 > 0.99), repeatability (RSD value = 5.72%) and sensitivity (recovery > 86%, LOD = 0.177–0.368 ng/L) in different types of samples. Due to the complexity of the samples used, the study has been especially focused on the matrix effects that were identified causing significant bias to the quantitative analysis of 2,4,6-TCA in cork soaks, where there is a lack of previous studies.