Analysis of grape polyamines from Grapevine leafroll associated viruses (GLRaV-2 and -3) infected vines

This is the first report comparing the free polyamine content of ‘Pinot noir’ grapes from vines infected with Grapevine leafroll associated viruses (GLRaV)-2 or -3, with samples taken from healthy vines. Berries were collected from three different rootstock/scion combinations, and all samples were from commercial vineyards in Oregon. Three free polyamines (putrescine, cadaverine, and spermidine) were found in all ‘Pinot noir’ grapes analysed in this study. Berries from healthy Vitis riparia rootstock/‘Pinot noir’ clone 114 were significantly higher in putrescine (28.6 μmol/l) and total polyamines (41.9 μmol/l), compared to their GLRaV-3 infected samples (20.7 and 33.0 μmol/l, respectively). Vine virus status did not alter total or individual polyamines in berries from the other two rootstock/scion combinations (unknown rootstock/‘Chardonnay’ interstock/‘Pinot noir’ scion [clone unknown] and self-rooted/‘Pinot noir’ clone Pommard). Levels of putrescine, spermidine, and total polyamines varied between berries taken from the healthy vines of the three different rootstock/scion combinations.