Oral administration of a nephrotoxic dose of potassium bromate, a food additive, alters renal redox and metabolic status and inhibits brush border membrane enzymes in rats

The time dependent effect of orally administered KBrO3 on redox status and enzymes of brush border membrane (BBM) and carbohydrate metabolism has been studied in rat kidney. Animals were given a single oral dose of KBrO3 (100 mg/kg body weight) and sacrificed at different times after this treatment; control animals were not given KBrO3. The administration of KBrO3 resulted in nephrotoxicity, a decline in the specific activities of several BBM marker enzymes and also induced oxidative stress in kidney. The specific activities of enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism were also altered and suggest a shift in energy metabolism from the aerobic to anaerobic mode. The renal effects of single oral dose of KBrO3 appeared to be reversible; maximum changes in all the parameters were 48 h after administration of KBrO3 after which recovery took place, in many cases almost to control values, after 168 h. These results suggest that the administration of a single nephrotoxic dose of KBrO3 inhibits brush border membrane enzymes, induces oxidative stress and alters energy metabolism of the renal system in a reversible manner.