Compressibility study of quaternary phospholipid blend monolayers

The mechanical properties of liposome membranes are strongly dependent on type and ratio of lipid compounds, which can have important role in drug targeting and release processes when liposome is used as drug carrier. In this work we have used Brewsterʹs angle microscopy to monitor the lateral compression process of lipid monolayers containing as helper lipids either distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE) or dioleoyl phophatidylethanolamine (DOPE) molecules on the Langmuir trough. The compressibility coefficient was determined for lipid blend monolayers containing the helper lipids above, cholesterol, distearoyl phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) and pegylated-DSPE at room temperature. Two variables, the cholesterol fraction and the ratio ρ between the helper lipid (either DSPE or DOPE) and the reference lipid DSPC, were studied by multivariate analysis to evaluate their impact on the compressibility coefficient of the monolayers. The cholesterol level was found to be the most significant variable for DSPE blends while the ratio ρ was the most significant one for DOPE blend monolayers. It was also found that these two variables can exhibit positive interaction and the same compressibility value can be obtained with different blend compositions.