Molecular and biochemical biomarkers responses in the mussel Mytilus edulis collected from Southern Brazil coast

Marine ecosystems are typically subjected to a variety of stressors containing complex xenobiotics mixtures. This study aims to evaluate the responses of molecular and biochemical biomarkers in the mussel Mytilus edulis providing data for environmental monitoring programs development in Southern Brazil. Mussels were collected at a polluted site, near Patos Lagoon outfall, and at a control site. Gills, muscle and mantle samples were used for biomarker determinations. Mussels collected at the polluted site significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities and decreased catalase (CAT) activity. Moreover, an increase in sod1, gstπ and hsp70 mRNA expression was observed. Overall, biochemical and molecular biomarkers responses were observed, but these responses varied depending on the analyzed tissue. These results indicate possible contaminants effects on organisms and the need for effective environmental monitoring programs in this ecosystem.