Phase behaviors of Gemini cationic surfactants/n-butanol/water systems

Phase diagrams for ternary system of the Gemini cationic surfactants, N,N-long chain alkyl-2-hydroxyl-N,N,N,N-tetramethyl diammonium dichloride (GnCl2) with butanol and water have been drawn based on experimental data at 25 °C. The phase diagrams show that L phase and different liquid crystalline phases are existent in the ternary system at different components. Electric conductivity of the L phase has been studied. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), 2H (deuterium) quadrupolar splitting (2H NMR) and the polarizing-light microscope were employed to confirm the characteristic texture structures and the microstructure of three different liquid crystalline phases.