Light sterile neutrinos in particle physics: Experimental status

Most of the neutrino oscillation results can be explained by the three-neutrino paradigm. However several anomalies in short baseline oscillation data, corresponding to an L/E of about 1 m/MeV, could be interpreted by invoking a hypothetical fourth neutrino. This new state would be separated from the three standard neutrinos by a squared mass difference Δ m n e w 2 ∼ 0.1 – 1 eV 2 and would have mixing angles of sin 2 2 θ e e ≳ 0.01 and sin 2 2 θ μ e ≳ 0.001 , in the electron disappearance and appearance channels, respectively. This new neutrino, often called sterile, would not feel standard model interactions but mix with the others. Such a scenario calling for new physics beyond the standard model has to be either ruled out or confirmed with new data. After a brief review of the anomalous oscillation results we discuss the forthcoming laboratory experiments aiming to clarify the situation.