A Survey on Active Mode Energy Consuming Factors of Sensor Nodes in WSN

Wireless sensor networks play vital role in different emerging applications. As batteries of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks cannot be either replaced or recharged in many critical situations like military border area monitoring, the sensor nodes have to survive on their own battery backup as maximum as possible to keep the entire network alive. Many tasks like sensing, routing, query processing, sensor location calculations, security algorithms in wireless sensor network applications consume sensor node’s battery energy for their intended tasks. Unfortunately some tasks consume more energy and hence the importance of the lifetime of the sensor nodes is compromised. Any approach to wireless sensor networks needs to care about the energy consumption. In general, the battery energy is consumed in active mode, idle mode and sleep mode. Our survey focuses on various active mode energy consuming factors in detail to assist the researchers, engineers who develop the energy management and energy conservation techniques in wireless sensor networks.