Spectrum Sensing Algorithm in Cognitive Radio & Channel Capacity.

Spectrum sensing is one of the most important tasks in cognitive radio operation, for increasing spectrum efficiency one have to concentrate on the spectrum sensing. We know the frequency spectrum available is limited, as compare to wireless users. This increases the important of spectrum sensing. Increasing efficiency of the spectrum usage is an urgent need as a key result of the increasing demand for higher data rates, better quality of services and higher capacity. In this thesis we go through several spectrum sensing techniques for cognitive radio based systems like Energy detection and cooperative spectrum sensing, with some practical challenges and drawbacks in these techniques. This thesis gives idea about the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) concept. Actually in MIMO more than one antenna are placed at transmitter and receiver side. We are also going to see that, how with MIMO system effectively converted into benefit for communication system. The probability of spectrum detection increases and the probability of false alarm decreases with help of channel capacity. Here we concentrate on the theoretical study of spectrum sensing and comparative study of channel capacity of correlated and non-correlated channels.