Equilibrium beam in the Antiproton Decelerator (AD)

In order to evaluate the beam quality obtained with beam cooling applied, it is important to consider possible sources of beam heating. In this paper, a theoretical study is presented of the influence of the residual gas, intra beam scattering, and other heating mechanisms, on the circulating antiprotons in the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) (S. Maury, CERN Internal Note PS/AR 96-43, 1996). From this study it has been possible to evaluate the cooling, the vacuum quality, and the control of other heating sources, necessary to achieve the design goal of a two sigma transverse emittance of 1π mm mrad at a momentum of 100 MeV/c. The calculations are compared to previous experimental studies made in the AC, and good agreement is found.