Author/Authors :
Tripathi، نويسنده , , A.K. and Akhanjee، نويسنده , , S. and Arisaka، نويسنده , , K. and Barnhill، نويسنده , , D. and DʹPasquale، نويسنده , , C. and Jillings، نويسنده , , C. and Ohnuki، نويسنده , , T. and Ranin، نويسنده , , P.، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
In order to select the most suitable Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs) for the surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we have performed extensive tests on large PMTs from three different manufacturers: Electron Tubes Limited, Hamamatsu Photonics, and Photonis Imaging Sensors. We have developed specialized instrumentation to accurately measure the PMT characteristics such as gain, dark current, single photoelectron spectrum, dark pulse rate, afterpulse ratio, quantum efficiency, and linearity. The instrumentation and techniques used for these measurements and their results are reported.
Keywords :
Astroparticle physics , Photodetectors , Cosmic rays , Water cherenkov , PMTs
