Feather Characteristics of Three Varieties of Female Guinea Fowl in a Humid Tropical Environment

This study was conducted to determine feather distribution pattern, and evaluate feather traits. Thirty six mature female guinea fowl, comprising of 12 pearl, 12 black and 12 lavender were used for the study. Data collected from the study were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design. Each of the varieties was replicated three times with four birds per replicate. Data on feather number, feather colour, feather distribution and structure were collected at the end of the study, while weekly feather loss was collected on weekly basis. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in feather number among the three varieties as pearl variety showed superiority over its counterparts. From the result lavender and black had more weekly feather loss than Pearl variety. There was no variation in feather distribution, except for colour pattern among the three varieties where Pearl had black and white colour, black variety with black colour and lavender with ash colour dotted with white. The tracts distribution on parts of their body determines the structure and colour pattern of their feather. The pattern of their feather distribution followed a distinct tract in the three varieties. Seven major feather tracts were observed on the three varieties studied. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were also observed in the feed conversion ratio values in the three varieties, with Pearl indicting better utilization of feed intake. Except in a situation of very high temperature, good feather coverage will optimize energy metabolism and feed efficiency in the female guinea fowl. Therefore, Pearl guinea fowl with more feathers may be recommended for improvement for meat or egg type guinea fowl in the humid tropics.