Spin-dependent nuclear weak processes and nucleosynthesis in stars

Spin dependent nuclear weak processes and nucleosynthesis in stars are investigated based on recent advances in shell model studies of stable and unstable exotic nuclei. Three topics on (1) neutrino–nucleus reactions in supernova explosions and nucleosynthesis of light elements as well as Mn, (2) electron capture reaction rates on Ni and Co isotopes at high densities and temperatures in the core-collapse process, and (3) new β -decay half-lives of N=126 isotones obtained by including both the Gamow–Teller and the first-forbidden transitions, and the effects on the element abundance in the r -process at the third peak region (A∼195), are studied with the use of new shell model Hamiltonians.