Title of article :
Seeking positive experiences can produce illusory correlations
Author/Authors :
Denrell، نويسنده , , Jerker and Le Mens، نويسنده , , Gaël، نويسنده ,
Issue Information :
روزنامه با شماره پیاپی سال 2011
Pages :
12
From page :
313
To page :
324
Abstract :
Individuals tend to select again alternatives about which they have positive impressions and to avoid alternatives about which they have negative impressions. Here we show how this sequential sampling feature of the information acquisition process leads to the emergence of an illusory correlation between estimates of the attributes of multi-attribute alternatives. The sign of the illusory correlation depends on how the decision maker combines estimates in making her sampling decisions. A positive illusory correlation emerges when evaluations are compensatory or disjunctive and a negative illusory correlation can emerge when evaluations are conjunctive. Our theory provides an alternative explanation for illusory correlations that does not rely on biased information processing nor selective attention to different pieces of information. It provides a new perspective on several well-established empirical phenomena such as the ‘Halo’ effect in personality perception, the relation between proximity and attitudes, and the in-group out-group bias in stereotype formation.
Keywords :
sampling , reinforcement learning , Stereotype formation , Adaptive behavior , halo effect
Journal title :
Cognition
Serial Year :
2011
Journal title :
Cognition
Record number :
2077126
Link To Document :
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