Crystal orientation dependence of dielectric and piezoelectric properties of tetragonal Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–38%PbTiO3 single crystal

The crystallographic orientation dependence of the P–E behavior and dielectric and piezoelectric properties in tetragonal Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–38%PbTiO3 (PMNT62/38) single crystals were investigated. When the electric field was applied to 15 kV/cm the coercive electric fields Ec varied from Ec[0 0 1]∼8.25 to Ec[1 1 0]∼6.80 to Ec[1 1 1]∼4.11 kV/cm and the remnant polarizations were Pr[0 0 1]∼34.25, Pr[1 1 0]∼22.64, and Pr[1 1 1]∼18.87 μC/cm2. In [1 1 0] and [1 1 1] poled crystals, the formation of the engineered domain configuration caused more enhanced dielectric and piezoelectric activities: d33[1 1 0]∼1350 pC/N and εr[1 1 0]∼6972; d33[1 1 1]∼980 pC/N and εr[1 1 1]∼9784, compared with d33[0 0 1]∼350 pC/N and εr[0 0 1]∼760 at room temperature.