Electrical conductivity studies of Bi2O3–Li2O–ZnO–B2O3 glasses

Ac conductivity measurements and its analysis has been performed on xBi2O3–(65−x)Li2O–20ZnO–15B2O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 20) glasses in the temperature range 30–300 °C and a frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz. The dc conductivity increased and the activation energy decreased with lithium content. The frequency dependent conductivity has been analyzed employing conductivity and modulus formalisms. The onset of conductivity relaxation shifts towards higher frequencies with temperature. The Almond–West conductivity formalism is used to explain the scaling behavior, and the relaxation mechanism is independent of temperature.