Control of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris in fruit juices by enterocin AS-48

Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris is a spoilage-causing bacterium in fruit juices. Control of this bacterium by enterocin AS-48 from Enterococcus faecalis A-48-32 is described. Enterocin AS-48 was active against one A. acidocaldarius and three strains of A. acidoterrestris tested. In natural orange and apple juices incubated at 37 °C, vegetative cells of A. acidoterrestris DSMZ 2498 were inactivated by enterocin AS-48 (2.5 μg/ml) and no growth was observed in 14 days. In commercial fruit juices added of AS-48 (2.5 μg/ml) and inoculated with vegetative cells or with endospores of strain DSMZ 2498, no viable cells were detected during 90 days of incubation at temperatures of 37 °C, 15 °C or 4 °C, except for apple, peach and grapefruit juices inoculated with vegetative cells and incubated at 37 °C which were protected efficiently for up to 60 days. Remarkably, in all commercial fruit juices tested, no viable cells were detected as early as 15 min after incubation with the bacteriocin. Endospores incubated for a very short time (1 min) with increasing bacteriocin concentrations were inactivated by 2.5 μg/ml AS-48. Electron microscopy examination of vegetative cells and endospores treated with enterocin AS-48 revealed substantial cell damage and bacterial lysis as well as disorganization of endospore structure.