Chemical composition, antiproliferative and antioxidant properties of lipid classes in ordinary and dark muscles from chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus)

This study investigated to compare lipid profiles in ordinary and dark muscles from chub mackerel and to examine antiproliferative and antioxidative properties of lipid classes. The average levels of neutral lipids (NL), glycolipids (GL), and phospholipids (PL) in ordinary muscle were 92.32 ± 0.19%, 5.10 ± 0.48%, and 2.58 ± 0.46%; in dark muscle were 96.88 ± 0.15%, 2.59 ± 0.36%, and 0.54 ± 0.29%, respectively. The fatty acid composition indicated that PL had a higher percentage of PUFA (especially 22:6n−3) with lower percentages of SFA and MUFA compared to NL and GL (p < 0.05). The main ion peaks of GL in ordinary and dark muscles showed that monocharged and bischarged molecular ion were presented at m/z 876.9 and 438.8, respectively. In MTT assay, inhibition of AGS and HT-29 cell proliferation was greatest with the 0.5 and 1.0 mg mL−1 GL treatments. The GL of ordinary muscle with 0.05 mg mL−1 concentrations markedly decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by H2O2 compared to the control (p < 0.05). From our results, GL might have antiproliferative and antioxidant properties based on protective effect against the production of intracellular ROS.