The essential and toxic elements in tissues of six commercial demersal fish from Eastern Mediterranean Sea

The essential elements and contaminants (Pb and Cd) were determined seasonally in the muscle and liver of six demersal fish species Sparus aurata, Chelidonichthys lucernus, Upeneus molluccensis, Solea solea, Merluccius merluccius and Saurida undosquamis from the İskenderun Bay, Eastern Mediterranean Sea. The concentrations in muscles of fish species were 474–1534 mg/kg for Na, 574–3374 mg/kg for K, 72.7–496 m/kg Ca, 94.1–210 mg/kg for Mg. Muscle accumulated the lowest levels of elements. Trace element and contaminant levels in muscle were highest in the spring and winter. The Cu and Ni concentrations were highest in the winter. The Zn, Cr and Fe concentrations were highest in the spring. The maximum Pb concentrations in the muscle and liver of fish species was 0.58 and 0.89 mg/kg (wet wt) in the autumn. The maximum Cd concentration in the muscle and liver tissues of fish was 0.20 mg/kg and 0.63 mg/kg (wet wt) in the winter. The Cr, Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn levels in muscle were found to be lower than permissible limits. Estimated weekly and daily intake for Pb and Cd was far below the PTWI and PTDI values. The consumption of these species from this region is not problem on human health.