Dielectric and piezoelectric characteristics of samarium modified lead titanate ceramics

Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of samarium (Sm) modified lead titanate ceramics (Pb1−xSmxTi1−2yWyFeyO3 with x=0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 and y=0.02), prepared by high temperature solid state reaction method, have been studied. Variation of dielectric constant and conductivity at room temperature shows frequency dependence and is expressed by Kramerʹs Kronig relation (ε′(ω)−εα=A1ωs−1) and σac(ω)=A2ωs, respectively. All compositions show phase transition and the temperature of phase transition is found to decrease with increase in Sm substitution. Nature of transition studied by the relation (1/ε′)−(1/εmax)=C(T−Tc)γ is found to be diffused. A nonlinear increase in the value of d33 is observed with the increase in Sm content.