Structural and electrical properties of BaTi4O9 microwave ceramics incorporated with glass phase

BaTi4O9 (BT4) microwave ceramics incorporated with ZnO–B2O3 glass phase were fabricated by a conventional mixed oxide reaction method. A density of 4400 kg m−3 was gotten for ceramic sintered at 1200 °C for 2 h, very close to the theoretical density of 4533 kg m−3 of pure BaTi4O9. Shifting of the vibration modes in FTIR and Raman spectra was observed for the ceramics sintered at a higher temperature. Partial melting was also observed in these ceramics. The relative permittivity of the ceramics changed between 45 and 50 as the sintering temperature increased from 1200 to 1400 °C. These results indicated that by the incorporation of the glass phase, the sintering temperature of BaTi4O9 ceramics could be reduced to 1200 °C while the dielectric ceramics had larger relative permittivities.