Author/Authors :
Tsang، نويسنده , , M.B. and Chajecki، نويسنده , , Z. and Coupland، نويسنده , , D. and Danielewicz، نويسنده , , P. and Famiano، نويسنده , , Gary F. and Hodges، نويسنده , , R. and Kilburn، نويسنده , , M. and Lu، نويسنده , , Nathan F. and Lynch، نويسنده , , W.G. and Winkelbauer، نويسنده , , J. and Youngs، نويسنده , , M. and Zhang، نويسنده , , Y.X.، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
Constraints on the equation of state (EoS) for symmetric matter (equal neutron and proton numbers) have been extracted from energetic collisions of heavy ions over a range of energies. Collisions of neutron-deficient and neutron-rich heavy ions now provide initial constraints on the EoS of neutron-rich matter at subsaturation densities from isospin diffusions and neutron proton ratios. This article reviews the experimental constraints on the density dependence of symmetry energy at subsaturation density.
