Spectator tagging in quasi-free proton–neutron interactions in deuterium using an internal cluster-jet target at a storage ring

Low-energy spectator protons (ps) from quasi-free proton–neutron interactions on deuterium have been measured for the pd→dπ0ps and pd→pnπ0ps reactions at the CELSIUS storage ring of the The Svedberg Laboratory. The experiment used 320 MeV protons incident on a deuterium cluster-jet target. The spectator protons were detected inside the scattering chamber using a silicon detector system which is compatible with a high vacuum. The low target density allows the spectator proton emerge without undergoing significant secondary scattering. Its measurement is therefore a useful tag upon such reactions, allowing cross-sections for quasi-free reactions to be deduced at well-defined centre-of-mass energies. The comparison with the simulation for the pd→dπ0ps reaction shows that the energy dependence of the pn→dπ0 cross-section can be extracted near the threshold. The method greatly improves the experimental resolution achievable in quasi-free p–n reaction studies.