A mechanical chopper with continuously adjustable duty cycle for a wide X-ray beam

The prototype of a fast beam chopper for hard X-rays, with a continuously variable duty cycle from less than 10 to more than 90% has been successfully developed, built and tested. The apparatus consists in 12 planetary stainless-steel blades that are 100 mm wide and are mounted on two large discs. All blades are kept permanently parallel to each other, thanks to a gear system, which also allows changing their orientation. The two main parameters of the chopper (duty cycle and chopping frequency) are controlled independently and remotely. In the present design, the device allows chopping frequencies ranging from 0 to 300 Hz. The principle of operation, preliminary results of the instrumentʹs performance and an example demonstrating the capacity of the system for image quality improvement and X-ray dose reduction at the specimen are presented.