Effect of particle size on cesium exchange kinetics by K-depleted phlogopite

Cation exchange mechanism and rate of Cs+ exchange were investigated in < 2 μm and 20–2 μm particle size fractions of K-depleted phlogopite (Na-phlogopite). The K-depleted phlogopite was prepared from a natural phlogopite by a potassium removal method using sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) at room temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that interlayer K+ ions were completely replaced with sodium ions after the potassium removal treatment. Ion exchange isotherms and kinetics were determined for Na+ → Cs+ exchange with two particle size fractions. The isotherms indicated that both particle size fractions showed high selectivity for Cs+. Based on the isotherm tests, ΔGo values of < 2 μm and 20–2 μm particle fractions were − 6.83 kJ/mol and − 7.08 kJ/mol, respectively. Kinetics of Cs exchange revealed that the 20–2 μm particle size fraction of the K-depleted phlogopite took up more Cs+ ions than the < 2 μm particle size fraction. Various kinetic models were applied to describe Na+ → Cs+ exchange process. Elovich model described the kinetic data of the < 2 μm particle size fraction well, while the modified first-order model or parabolic diffusion model described the data of the 20–2 μm particle size fraction well.