Development of concave-face boudin in Chhotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex of Jasidih-Deoghar area, eastern India: Insight from finite element modeling

With the help of 2D-finite element modeling the present study analyses the role of syntectonic migmatisation on the development of concave-face boudins within amphibolite dykes in Chhotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex of Jasidih-Deoghar area, eastern India. Amphibolitic bands embedded in quartzofeldspathic gneiss show concave-face boudins with varied face geometries, resulted due to rheological changes during syntectonic migmatisation. Detailed study reveals that due to couple effect of H2O infiltration and potassium (K+)-metasomatism associated with the invasion of pegmatitic fluid, pyroxene converted to amphibole and later to biotite at the marginal part of the amphibolitic bands and especially, near the separation zone of boudin. In this study, three types of models are prepared to simulate three different patterns of syntectonic rheological changes that can best explain the features observed in the field. Type I is a symmetric rim model representing equal amount of rheological changes in all directions of a rectangular boudin object. Other two are asymmetric rim models (Type II and Type III) with different amount of rheological changes along length and width of the boudin block. The analysis also takes into account the effects of rate of syntectonic rheological changes (D). The study reveals that the pattern and rate of rheological changes have strong influences on the development of concave-face boudin. Type I model produces barrel-shaped fish-mouth boudin with extremely sharp corners, whereas Type III model produces more lensoid shape with relatively tighter fish mouth. For all types of model, U-shaped concave-face boudin develops at lower rate of rheological changes and the face geometry gradually transforms to V-shape with increasing the rate. The progressive change of face curvature (FC), exterior curvature (EC) and aspect ratio (AR) depends on the timing of rheological inversion during progressive deformation.