From aqueous solution to solid solutions: A process oriented review of the work performed within the FUNMIG project

The Fundamentals of Radionuclide Migration (FUNMIG) project was organised in some Research and Technological Development Components (RTDCs) integrated by a number of Work Packages (WP’s) attempting to cover the key migration processes at different scales (laboratory to repository) and in different geological media, mainly clay and granite, but also some salt rock related work was performed. The main RTDCs of interest for this review paper are numbers 1 and 2, which concerned laboratory studies of well-established and less-established migration processes. Some additional interesting outcomes arise also from RTDCs 3, 4 and 5 devoted to the upscaling and applicability of migration processes to clay, granite and salt rock environments, respectively. This review discusses the contribution of the various parts of the FUNMIG project in the process oriented context of understanding the mechanistic approximation to what can be seen as the final and thermodynamically stable stage of the long chain of processes which are covered under the general term of sorption and that culminate in the formation of solid solutions.