An Eulerian–Lagrangian computational model for deflagration and detonation of high explosives

A solid phase explosives deflagration and detonation model capable of surface burning, convective bulk burning and detonation is formulated in the context of Eulerian–Lagrangian material mechanics. Well-validated combustion and detonation models, WSB and JWL++, are combined with two simple, experimentally indicated transition thresholds partitioning the three reaction regimes. Standard experiments are simulated, including the Aluminum Flyer Plate test, the Cylinder test, the rate stick test and the Steven test in order to validate the model. Cell and particle resolution dependence of simulation metrics are presented and global uncertainties assigned. Error quantification comparisons with experiments led to values generally below 7% (1σ). Finally, gas flow through porous media is implicated as the driving force behind the deflagration to detonation transition.