Oxygen and carbon isotope composition of Callovian–Lower Oxfordian (Middle–Upper Jurassic) belemnite rostra from central Poland: A record of a Late Callovian global sea-level rise?

Oxygen and carbon isotope data of well-preserved and stratigraphically well-dated belemnite rostra are presented from a Callovian–Lower Oxfordian succession of the Polish Jura Chain (south-central Poland) that was deposited in a deep shelf environment. Palaeotemperatures calculated from belemnite δ18O values (9 to 14 °C) indicate relatively constant climatic conditions during studied Callovian and Early Oxfordian intervals. Belemnite δ13C temporal trends, which are interpreted to record primary variation in the isotope composition of dissolved inorganic carbon reservoir, display a prominent positive carbon isotope shift (up to around 1.7‰ VPDB) in the Upper Callovian. This excursion is preceded and followed by a drop in average δ13C values of belemnite rostra of around 1‰. The Late Callovian carbonate carbon isotope excursion is likely linked to the enhanced storage of organic carbon in shelf sediments during a global sea-level rise. The presented data are not compatible with the theory of prolonged global glaciation at the Middle–Late Jurassic transition.