Tidally generated internal waves in partially mixed estuaries

The generation of internal waves in the partially mixed estuaries is examined. The numerical experiments consider the barotropic tidal currents interacting with isolated obstacles in an open channel. The bottom boundary layer and longitudinal salinity gradient are included. Internal lee (arrested) waves are excited when the accelerating barotropic tidal current approaches the first-mode internal wave speed. The arrested waves are amplified, and are subsequently released when the decelerating tidal current falls below the first-mode internal wave speed. The power input from the barotropic tidal energy into internal wave energy is calculated. It is on the order of 10−2 W/m2, and is comparable to the estimated interior dissipation rate. This suggests that the tidally generated internal waves could be a significant energy source for mixing in the halocline.