Dinosaur footprints from the Lower Cretaceous of the Algarve Basin (Portugal): New data on the ornithopod palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography of the Iberian Peninsula

Fieldwork carried out during the past few years in the Algarve region (Portugal) has allowed the description of dinosaur tracks for the first time in the Mesozoic Algarve Basin. Five track levels of Early Barremian age have been described from the Santa and Salema tracksites situated near Vila do Bispo (southwest Algarve). These comprise theropod and iguanodontian footprints (Iguanodontipus isp. was identified at the Santa tracksite). A sequence of subcircular and tridactyl impressions with a characteristic morphology of ornithopod footprints with a high pace angulation value made it possible to determine how erosion changes the print morphology and to understand the sequences of subcircular impressions with a high value of pace angulation in the track record. These dinosaur footprints are preserved in marginal-marine carbonate sediments of a large inner shelf palaeoenvironment with shoals and tidal-flat areas that were periodically exposed. The warm and dry climate favoured extensive growth of algal mats and the deposition of dolomitic sediments. The discovery of these track levels has also enabled the palaeobiogeographical data available for the Early Cretaceous Iguanodontia of the Iberian Peninsula and southwestern Europe to be refined.