Distribution of rare earth elements and neodymium isotopes in suspended particles of the tropical Atlantic Ocean (EUMELI site)

We analyzed the REE, Mn and Al concentrations and Nd isotopic ratios in marine suspensions collected on filters (0.65 μm porosity) with in situ pumping systems in the tropical northeastern Atlantic (20°N, 18–31°W). Previously we reported the same parameters on large sinking particles collected with moored sediment traps at the sites. Shale-normalized REE patterns of the filtered suspensions are characterized by a larger light REE (LREE) to heavy REE (HREE) enrichment compared to the trapped material and a Ce anomaly that evolves positively with depth. Depth profiles of REE/Al show maximum values at 50–100 m, where the Mn/Al ratio also reaches a maximum. The profile of the Nd isotopic ratios of the filtered suspensions shows variations similar to those of the seawater. These results suggest that the filtered suspensions preferentially scavenge the LREE, especially Ce, and that the particulate Mn oxides are potential REE carriers. The relationship between the Ce anomaly and the Ce/Al ratio demonstrates that the particulate Ce anomaly is formed by (1) the LREE adsorption onto the particulate Mn oxides in the surface water, (2) Ce(III) oxidation to insoluble Ce(IV)O2 and (3) preferential desorption of strict trivalent REE from the Mn oxides in deep water. Estimated authigenic Nd contents, using Nd isotopic ratios, decrease with depth. This is consistent with the adsorption of the REE in surface water and their desorption in deep water, suggested by the Ce anomaly formation. All the results show that the suspended particles record more clearly the authigenic REE contribution than the trapped material does. The suspended matter plays a key role in the scavenging of particle-reactive elements.