Martian northern polar cap: Layering and possible implications for radar sounding

The propagation of electromagnetic waves in the northern polar ice sheet of Mars is considered. It is shown that the dispersion and attenuation of radio waves in the polar sheet are regulated by two groups of factors: the physical and chemical composition of the ice, and the geometrical parameters of the layered structure of polar sheet. Both analytical and numerical simulations of ultra wide band chirp radar pulse propagating through the cap are performed. Wide variety of combinations of the physical and geometrical parameters of the ice sheet, consistent with previously published observational data, has been considered. The frequency bands of transparency and opacity of the northern ice sheet for radar signals were found. The side clutter for this particular region of the planet is studied.