Effects of temperature gradients on elastic modulus and compression strength of the saturated frozen clay

The uniaxial compression tests for the deep remolded saturated clay at various temperature gradients and average temperatures were performed. The test results indicate that the elastic modulus of frozen clay at different average temperature increases with the decrease of temperature gradients and the increasing rates are enhanced as average temperature increases. The compression strength at different average temperature also increases with the decreasing of temperature gradients, but the increasing rates are enhanced as temperature gradient decreases. The linear models for estimating the elastic modulus and the compression strength of the saturated clay are presented by considering the effects of the average temperature and the temperature gradient.