Determination of predevelopment denudation rates of an agricultural watershed (Cayaguلs River, Puerto Rico) using in-situ-produced 10Be in river-borne quartz

Accurate estimates of watershed denudation absent anthropogenic effects are required to develop strategies for mitigating accelerated physical erosion resulting from human activities, to model global geochemical cycles, and to examine interactions among climate, weathering, and uplift. We present a simple approach to estimate predevelopment denudation rates using in-situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be in fluvial sediments. Denudation processes in an agricultural watershed (Cayaguلs River Basin, Puerto Rico) and a matched undisturbed watershed (Icacos River Basin) were compared using 10Be concentrations in quartz for various size fractions of bed material. The coarse fractions in both watersheds bear the imprint of long subsurface residence times. Fine material from old shallow soils contributes little, however, to the present-day sediment output of the Cayaguلs. This confirms the recent and presumably anthropogenic origin of the modern high denudation rate in the Cayaguلs Basin and suggests that pre-agricultural erosional conditions were comparable to those of the present-day Icacos.