Using centroid time-delays to characterize source durations and identify earthquakes with unique characteristics

The relationship between M 0 and the rupture duration is often difficult to establish. This is particularly true for large earthquakes for which the moment rate functions (MRF) generally have complicated shapes, and the estimated durations can vary considerably depending on the methodology used to evaluate the MRF. In this work, we show that the centroid time-delay ( τ c ) provides an alternative estimate of the source duration. Inverted MRFs often end gradually, making the end of coseismic rupture difficult to detect. In such cases, when the rupture duration is not well defined, the time-delay τ c is a useful quantity to represent the first-order temporal characteristics of the rupture process. Variations in stress parameter Δ σ can be investigated by assuming a standard scaling relationship between the seismic moment M 0 and τ c . This simple scaling relationship can also be used to identify unusual earthquakes, with unique source properties, such as events involving complicated rupture processes or earthquakes characterized by unusual rupture velocities, stress drops or aspect ratios.