Risk evaluation of green components to hazardous substance using FMEA and FAHP

This study utilized the failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) to analyze the risks of green components in compliance with the European Union (EU) the Restriction of Hazardous Substance (RoHS) directive in the incoming quality control (IQC) stage, which is based on a case of an OEM/ODM electronic manufacturer in Taiwan. There are three indices of FMEA in this work: the occurrence (O) that can be learned from the testing report; the likelihood of being detected (D) that refers to the difficulty of detection; and severity (S) that can be quantified from the declaration statement and the frequency of green component used by project. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was applied to determine the relative weightings of four factors, then a green component risk priority number (GC-RPN) can be calculated for each one of the components, which are provided by the suppliers to identify and manage the risks that may be derived from them. Numerical results indicated that through the use of the proposed approach, the detected rate of the high risk green components can at least be improved to 20% while the GC-RPN is above 7, and the highest risk green components can be increased by 46.2% within the GC-RPN between 9 and 10.