Title of article :
The Occurrence of Residues of Furazolidone Metabolite, 3-Amino-2-Oxazolidone, in Eggs Distributed in Mazandaran Province, Iran
Author/Authors :
Meskarpour Amiri، Hamed نويسنده Veterinary Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Garmsar Branch, IR Iran , , Tavakoli، Hamidreza نويسنده Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran , , Hashemi، Ghavam نويسنده Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran , , Mousavi، Tanaz نويسنده Veterinary Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Garmsar Branch, IR Iran , , Rostami، Hosein نويسنده Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran , , Gholami Fesharaki، Mohammad نويسنده Biostatistics Department, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, IR Iran , , Gholian، Mohammadmahdi نويسنده Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University Aligoudarz Branch, Aligoudarz, IR Iran ,
Abstract :
Furazolidone, as an antibiotic in nitrofurans class, is used for prevention and treatment of poultry diseases and increasing egg production. However, its use is prohibited in Iran because of toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects and antibiotic resistance in humans. This study was conducted as a first survey to determine occurrence of 3-amino-2-oxazolidone residue (as a metabolite of furazolidone) in eggs distributed in Mazandaran (a northern province of Iran) in 2011. In this study, 84 samples, containing 42 branded eggs from seven companies and 42 non-branded eggs were collected by quota sampling techniques from stores of Mazandaran province cities. Samples were assessed by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results were analyzed using SPSS and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used. The percentage of the eggs polluted with 3-amino-2-Oxazolidone (AOZ) in branded, non-branded and total eggs was 71, 62 and 66.7, respectively. The mean concentration of AOZ in the samples of branded, non-branded and total eggs was 252.9, 283.7 and 268.25 ng/kg, respectively and there was no significant difference in the 3-amino-2-oxazolidone level between the two groups (P < 0.05). There was only one company with no contamination in any of the six samples. The majority of eggs in the cities of Mazandaran contained 3-amino-2-oxazolidone, which confirmed the use of furazolidone. All detected concentrations were below the minimum required performance limit (MRPL) set at 1 ng/kg by the UE. It was also concluded that the eggs produced by certified companies are not healthier than miscellaneous eggs, in terms of 3-amino-2-oxazolidone concentration.
