Numerical simulation and optimization of impingement cooling for rotating and stationary pin–fin heat sinks

The turbulent fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of air jet impingement onto the rotating and stationary heat sink have been investigated numerically and optimized using genetic algorithms (GAs). The squared heat sinks with uniform 5 × 5 pin–fins are employed. The turbulent governing equations are solved by using the finite volume method combined with the approaches of four different turbulent models based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS). The relative performance of four turbulent models for predicting this type of flow and heat transfer is investigated by comparing the numerical results with available experimental data. It is found that the standard k–ɛ model can give predictions for better performance of fluid flow and heat transfer. d parameters are included the distance of nozzle to fin tip ( 0 ⩽ C / d ⩽ 11 ), Reynolds number ( 5019 ⩽ Re ⩽ 25 , 096 ) and rotational Reynolds number ( 0 ⩽ Re r ⩽ 8114 ) . It is found that Nu 0 ‾ increases with Re for a stationary heat sink. The effects of Re r on the average Nusselt number ( Nu Ω ‾ ) of a rotating heat sink with jet impingement demonstrate that heat transfer enhancement ( Nu Ω ‾ / Nu 0 ‾ ) is obvious in the case of smaller Re (Re = 5019), but Nu Ω ‾ / Nu 0 ‾ decreased with increasing Re. In addition, the optimization of this problem is also presented by using response surface methodology (RSM) and genetic algorithm (GA) method. Three design variables including the distance of nozzle to fin tip, fin height and fin width are selected for optimization. Based on the results, the optimum condition is C/d = 0, w / d = 0.77 and H f / d = 3.08 for a stationary and a rotating pin–fins heat sink.