Author/Authors :
Eslami Amirabadi، Mohammad Reza نويسنده Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran , , Davari-Ashtiani، Rozita نويسنده Department of Psychiatry, Imam Hosein Hospital, Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
Iran , , Khademi، Mojgan نويسنده , , RajeziEsfahani، Sepideh نويسنده Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran , , Emamalizadeh، Babak نويسنده Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran , , Movafagh، Abolfazl نويسنده Medical Genetics Department, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , , Arabgol، Fariba نويسنده Behavioral Science Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran , , Sadr، Said نويسنده Department of Psychiatry, Imam Hosein Hospital, Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
Iran , , Darvish، Hossein نويسنده Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , , Razjouyan، Katayoon نويسنده Department of Psychiatry, Imam Hosein Hospital, Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
Iran ,
Abstract :
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can lead to drastic problems for the patient and its worldwide prevalence is 5%-12%. It also has many comorbidities with other disorders, and the genetic contribution seems the most significant cause. The current study was conducted to investigate the association between norepinephrine transporter-3081 (A/T) polymorphisms and ADHD in Iranian population. Participants were chosen from children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD referred to Imam Hoseyn Hospital. A child and adolescent psychiatrist confirmed the diagnosis using the Kiddie-Sads-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) semi-structural interview. The control group was from pupils of schools in Tehran (capital city of Iran) who had no history or presence of psychiatric and medical complications. Also, a child and adolescent psychiatrist confirmed their health using the K-SADS-PL semi-structural interview. Genetic examinations were DNA distraction, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and Restricted Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), which were conducted according to standard protocols. The statistical analysis was performed using chi-square and Fisher's exact test in SPSS version 21. The percentages of ADHD subtypes for combined, inattentive, and hyperactive/impulsive were 72.2%, 17.2%, and 11.9%, respectively. There was no significant association between norepinephrine transporter polymorphism and ADHD (P = 0.81). Moreover, no significant relationship was found between gender [male (P = 0.92) and female (P = 0.63)] and polymorphism. No significant association was found between subtypes of ADHD [combined (P = 0.46), inattentive (P = 0.41), hyperactive/impulsive (P = 0.32)] and polymorphism SCL6A2. This lack of association can also be seen in gender in every subtype. The results of the study show no significant association between norepinephrine transporter polymorphism SCL6A2 and ADHD
