Author/Authors :
Ghosh، Gopal نويسنده Departments of Environmental Science and Technology,Jessore University of Science and Technology,Jessore,Bangladesh , , Hanamoto، S. نويسنده Research Center for Environmental Quality Management,
Graduate School of Engineering,Kyoto University,Kyoto,Japan , , Yamashita، N. نويسنده Research Center for Environmental Quality Management,
Graduate School of Engineering,Kyoto University,Kyoto,Japan , , Huang، X. نويسنده Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing,China , , Tanaka، H. نويسنده Research Center for Environmental Quality Management,
Graduate School of Engineering,Kyoto University,Kyoto,Japan ,
Abstract :
This study investigated the occurrence and removal of 12 antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, nalidixic acid, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, lincomycin, novobiocin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim) at four sewage treatment plants (STPs): two STPs in Kyoto, Japan and two STPs in Beijing, China. The STPs differed in design and operation conditions, utilized a variety of secondary treatment processes. The antibiotics were frequently detected in influents and effluents, and ranged from ng/L up to lower μg/L. In influent, clarithromycin (1.1–1.6 μg/L) and levofloxacin (3.6–6.8 μg/L) were detected in the highest concentration in Japanese and Chinese STPs, respectively. The overall elimination of the antibiotics were differed between STPs and ranged from negative to gt;90%. These data demonstrate that there are detectable levels of antibiotics are discharging from STPs, and only some of these antibiotics are being removed in a significant proportion by STPs. It was also observed that biological nutrient removal based sewage treatment processes (anaerobic–anoxic–oxic: A2O; and anoxic–oxic: AO) have relatively higher antibiotics removal efficiencies than oxidation ditch (OD) processes.
Keywords :
antibiotics , Effluent , influent , Sewage treatment
