Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Isolated Bacteria from a Hospital

Background & Aims of the Study: Antibiotic resistance is an important problem in health care. The aim of this study was the survey of prevalence of bacteria isolated in a university affiliated hospital (Kerman, Iran) and detection of antibiotic resistance among major pathogens. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, during a 3-year period (from June 2006 to June 2009) 14699 samples such as urine, blood, sputum, and cerebrospinal fluid obtained from patients hospitalized in a university affiliated hospital (Kerman, Iran). After isolation and identification of bacteria using standard microbiologic methods, antibiotic resistance testing was performed with the diffusion-disk method for several antibiotics. Results: A total of 1910 (12.15%) specimens were positive for bacterial contamination. The cultures most positive cases were from urine specimen (67.75%). The majority of frequent microorganisms isolated were E. coli (41.52%), Staphylococcus aureus (17.96%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.48%), Staphylococcus coagulase-negative (8.27%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.49%), respectively. The high rate of resistance of E. coli was related to amoxicillin (70.36%), Staphylococcus aureus to oxacillin (66.76%), Klebsiella pneumoniae to amoxicillin (62.76%), Staphylococcus coagulase-negative to penicillin (74.68%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to cefotaxime (71.32%). Conclusions: We found that antimicrobial resistance is a problem of our hospital. The high consumption of antibiotic in the community can be a cause of a major problem in treatment.