Prevalence and Risk Factors of Abnormal Coronary Angiography Findings

Background Coronary artery occlusion is the primary reason for cardiovascular disease-related death worldwide. Hence, it is essential to identify the associated primary determinants for the proper prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its related mortality and morbidity. Objectives We investigated the association between cardiovascular risk factors and occlusion of coronary arteries. Patients and Methods Using a cross-sectional study design, the medical records of 2046 consecutive patients suspected with cardiovascular disorders and referred to the angiography center at Imam Hossein hospital in Ilam province, Iran, between January 2010 and January 2012, were reviewed by census. Based on the angiography findings, the patients were classified as normal or included into coronary artery groups. The risk factors for cardiovascular disorders were also recorded. Binary and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for each risk factor. Results The final multivariable regression modeling showed that gender (OR = 3.44, 95% CI: 1.02 – 5.58), age (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.05 – 1.15), family history of CAD (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.30 – 1.94), current smoking (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.02 – 1.98), systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.05 – 1.28), diastolic blood pressure (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00 – 1.09), and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00 – 1.08) significantly increased the risk for coronary artery occlusion. Conclusions Among the various non-modifiable variables, gender, age, and family history of CAD and among the modifiable variables, smoking, hypertension, and reduced HDL-cholesterol level increased the risk for coronary artery involvement. Further cohort studies and meta-analyses are required to delineate the causative association between these risk factors and coronary artery occlusion.