Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults with Coronary Artery Disease: Tehran Heart Centerʹs Premature Coronary Atherosclerosis Cohort (THC-PAC) Study
Abbasi، Seyed Hesameddin نويسنده , , Kassaian، Seyed-Ebrahim نويسنده , , Sadeghian، Saeed نويسنده , , Karimi، Abbasali نويسنده , , Saadat، Soheil نويسنده , , Peyvandi، Flora نويسنده Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. , , Jalali، Arash نويسنده , , Davarpasand، Tahereh نويسنده Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. , , Akhondzadh، Shahin نويسنده Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Akhondzadh, Shahin , Shahmansouri، Nazila نويسنده Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. , , Lotfi-Tokaldany، Masoumeh نويسنده Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. , , Amiri Abchouyeh، Maryam نويسنده Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. , , Ayatollahzade Isfahani، Farah نويسنده Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. , , Rosendaal، Frits نويسنده Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. ,
Objective: Depressed coronary artery disease (CAD) patients may experience a poorer prognosis than non-depressed patients. The aim of this study was to find the associated factors for depressive symptoms in young adults with CAD.
Method: This was a cross-sectional study within Tehran Heart Centerʹs Premature Coronary Atherosclerosis Cohort (THC-PAC) study. Young adult CAD patients (men ≤ 45 year-old and women ≤ 55 year-old) were visited from March 2013 to February 2014. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected and all patients were asked to fill in the Beck Depression Inventory II. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. A logistic regression model was used to find multiple associated factors of depressive symptoms.
Results: Seven hundred seventy patients (mean ±SD age: 45.34 ±5.75 y, men: 47.7%) were visited. The point prevalence of depressive symptoms was 46.9% in women and 30.2% in men (p < 0.001). Logistic regressions model revealed that the most important associated factors for depressive symptoms in the male premature CAD patients were opium usage (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.33-4.43), major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.17-3.93), initial coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) treatment (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.07-4.06), positive family history for CAD (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.11-3.01) and cigarette smoking (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 0.97-2.98). Hypertension showed a protective role in this group of patients (OR = 0.5, CI = 0.29-0.92). In the female patients, hypertension (OR = 1.5, CI = 0.96-2.22) and body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.1, CI = 1.02-1.10) were associated with depressive symptoms.
Conclusion: In premature CAD male patients, opium usage, MACE, initial CABG treatment, positive family history for CAD and cigarette smoking were associated with depressive symptoms; and hypertension and BMI were associated with depressive symptoms in women.