Antioxidant, Antiglycation and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effects of Trigonella foenum and Cinnamon in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

[Background]Diabetes is recognized as a common metabolic disorder, which is treated by different medicines.[Objectives]The aim of this study was to study the effect of Trigonella foenum and Cinnamon on glycation, some biochemical factors, liver histology and cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase activity in type 2 diabetic rats.[Methods]Antiglycation and antioxidant ability were determined in vitro. Male Wistar diabetic rats were treated by 2 and 8% of Cinnamon (w/w) and Trigonella foenum. Biochemical factors and liver enzymes were measured using enzymatic spectrophotometric methods. Lipase and cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase activity were determined. Liver lipid, antioxidant and morphological change were assessed.[Results]Different concentrations of these plants (0.032, 0.065, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1mg/ mL) showed potential antiglycation ability. Cinnamon and Trigonella foenum significantly reduced advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) and fructosamine formation, and also declined protein carbonyl contents and thiol group’s oxidation (P < 0.001). Cinnamon and Trigonella foenum extract in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat normalized antioxidant capacity and lipid profile (P < 0.001). The cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase activity significantly increased following these plants administration. Also, the liver histopathological changes were normalized in diabetic rats treated by Cinnamon and Trigonella foenum extract.[Conclusions]The findings illustrated that Cinnamon and Trigonella foenum extract improved hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemic. The hypolipidemic effect was likely by motivation of cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase activity. These plants also showed significant anti-diabetic effects in animal model by reducing blood glucose and inhibition of AGEs and fructosamine formation.