Comparative Study on Essential Oils of Lavandula officinalis L. from Three Different Sites with Different Methods of Distillation

Lavandula angustifolia Mill. syn. Lavandula officinalis Chaix was commonly known as lavender is a species of the genus Lavandula from Lamiaceae family is among the top 10 pharmaceutical plant. Lavender species are grown worldwide primarily for their essential oils, which are used in the food processing, aromatherapy products, cosmetics and perfumes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the essential oils composition of lavender (Lavandula officinalis L.) cultivated in 3 provinces, Esfehan, Tehran, and Alburz province in Iran. This research examines it has been done on effects of different methods of distillation and habitat conditions on quantity and quality of oil of Lavandula officinalis flowering top plants cultivated in three regions were collected and after drying at room temperature in shadow. Esstential oils were extracted with three methods of distillation (water, steam and water and steam). Thirty compounds were identified in the essential oils, respectively. Components of essential oils from the Lavandula officinalis L. were determined using gas chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The important components in the Kashan area from Isfahan province were1,3,8-p- menthatriene (37.7 upto 39.8%), γ- terpinene (17.1 upto 19%), Linalyl formate (13.1 upto 15.08%), oil yield were 8.54 upto 10.03%, respectively. The important components in the Alburz province were ,3,8-p-menthatriene (31.7 upto 34.2%), γ- terpinene (24.2 upto 26.4%), Linalyl formate (11.8 upto 14%), oil yield were 5.5 upto 6.12%, respectively. The important components in the Tehran province were 1,3,8-p- menthatriene (32.5 upto 34.1%), γ- terpinene (25 upto 29.8%), Linalyl formate (7.8 upto 9%), oil yield were 10.26 upto 12.13%, respectively.