Author/Authors :
Gorouhi, Mohammad Amin Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Oshaghi, Mohammad Ali Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Vatandoost, Hassan Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Enayati, Ahmad Ali Department of Medical Entomology - Mazendaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran , Abai, Mohamad Reza Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Karami, Mohsen Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine - Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran , Salim-Abadi, Yaser Department of Health Service and Health Promotion - School of Health - Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran , Hanafi-Bojd, Ahmad Ali Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Aghaei-Afshar, Abbas Department of Vector Biology and Control - School of Health - Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran , Paksa, Azim Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , Nikpoor, Fatemeh Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract :
Background: Anopheles stephensi is a key urban malaria vector in the Indian subcontinent and Middle East includ-ing south and southeast of Iran. Wide application of insecticides resulted in resistance of this species to various insec-ticides in these regions. This study was conducted to reveal the role of metabolic mechanisms in the development of resistance in An. stephensi to DDT and cyfluthrin.
Methods: Field mosquito specimens were collected from Chabahar Seaport, southeast corner of Iran, in 2015. Insec-ticide susceptibility and enzyme assays were conducted as recommended by WHO.
Results: Mean enzyme ratios were 3.95 and 3.04 for α- esterases and 2.40 and 1.97 for β- esterases in the DDT and cyfluthrin- resistant populations correspondingly compared with the susceptible strain. The GSTs enzyme mean ac-tivity ratios were 5.07 and 2.55 in the DDT and cyfluthrin- resistant populations compared with the susceptible beech strain. The cytochrome p450s enzyme ratios were 1.11 and 1.28 in the DDT and cyfluthrin- resistant populations respectively compared with the susceptible beech strain.
Conclusion: Metabolic mechanisms play a crucial role in the development of DDT and cyfluthrin resistance in An. stephensi, therefore, further evaluation of the mechanisms involved as well as implementation of proper insecticide resistance management strategies are recommended.
Keywords :
Anopheles stephensi , Insecticide , Resistance mechanisms , Malaria
