Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Tylophora indica Leaves in Isoprenaline-Induced Myocardial Damage in Rat Heart

The present study was carried out to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Tylophora indica (HETI) on experimentally-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Albino rats were treated with HETI at doses of 100 mg/kg, (HETI-100) or 200 mg/kg (HETI-200) and propranolol 10 mg/kg (PRO-10) for 30 days orally. MI was induced by subcutaneous administration of isoprenaline (IPL) 150 mg/kg for two consecutive days. Pretreatment of animals with PRO-10 and HETI-200 provided significant myocardium protection from IPL damage as indicated by significant decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) activities in serum and an increase in activities of these enzymes in heart tissue homogenate (HTH). Moreover, HETI-200 significantly increased endogenous antioxidants (SOD and catalase) activities when compared to IPL control as well as normal. The protection offered by HETI could be attributed to the presence of flavanoids which shows antioxidant effect by either inhibiting the release of oxygen free radicals (OFR) or enhancing the synthesis of endogenous antioxidants such as SOD and catalase in IPL-induced cardiotoxicity. These biochemical findings were further confirmed by histological investigations.