Author/Authors :
IMRAN, Aman Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology - University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan , QAMAR, Hafiza Yasara Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology - University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan , ALI, Qurban Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology - University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan , NAEEM, Hafsa Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology - University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan , RIAZ, Mariam Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology - University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan , AMIN, Saima Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology - University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan , KANWAL, Naila Dept. of Plant Breeding and Genetics - University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan , ALI, Fawad Dept. of Plant Breeding and Genetics - University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan , SABAR, Muhammad Farooq Centre for Applied Molecular Biology - University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan , NASIR, Idrees Ahmad Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology - University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Abstract :
Background: Cancer is a genetic disease and mainly arises due to a number of reasons include activation of onco-genes, malfunction of tumor suppressor genes or mutagenesis due to external factors.
Methods: This article was written from the data collected from PubMed, Nature, Science Direct, Springer and Elsevi-er groups of journals.
Results: Oncogenes are deregulated form of normal proto-oncogenes required for cell division, differentiation and regulation. The conversion of proto-oncogene to oncogene is caused due to translocation, rearrangement of chromo-somes or mutation in gene due to addition, deletion, duplication or viral infection. These oncogenes are targeted by drugs or RNAi system to prevent proliferation of cancerous cells. There have been developed different techniques of molecular biology used to diagnose and treat cancer, including retroviral therapy, silencing of oncogenes and muta-tions in tumor suppressor genes.
Conclusion: Among all the techniques used, RNAi, zinc finger nucleases and CRISPR hold a brighter future towards creating a Cancer Free World.
Keywords :
Cancer , Oncogenes , Proto-oncogenes , Mutagenesis , Viral infection , Tumor , CRISPR
